Page 65 - Shawl Weaving Artisan - TT

2 Weaving defects
These defects occur due to incorrect loom settings or faulty yarn.

S.No Defect Description Cause Precautions
1 Broken Ends Missing warp or weft yarn in High tension, weak Use stronger yarn, check
fabric. yarn strength. tension regularly.
2 Float Warp or weft yarn skipping Faulty shedding Proper loom settings,
interlacing, creating long mechanism, poor maintain warp tension
threads tension control.
3 Reed Marks Parallel streaks along the Misaligned reed, Regular reed alignment
fabric. improper beat-up force. checks, control beat-up
force.
4 Sloughing Off Loose yarn coils forming Low yarn tension, Correct yarn sizing, ensure
loops on fabric. improper sizing. proper twist.
3 Dyeing & printing defects
These defects result from uneven dyeing, improper printing, or chemical issues.

S.No Defect Description Cause Precautions
1 Color Variation Uneven shade differences Inconsistent dye Use proper dyeing
in fabric application, poor techniques, maintain
temperature control. temperature uniformity.
2 Stains Unwanted spots on fabric. Oil, grease, or dye Keep machines clean, use
contamination. high-quality chemicals.
3 Patchy Dyeing Uneven dye absorption, Poor dye penetration, Ensure uniform dyeing
causing patchy improper pre- process, use proper
appearance. treatment. levelling agents.
4 Bleeding Color spreading into Excess dye not fixed Use proper dye fixation
unwanted areas. properly. techniques, rinse fabric
properly.
4 Finishing defects
These occur in the final stages of fabric processing.

S.No Defect Description Cause Precautions
1 Creases & Wrinkles Unwanted fold marks. Improper fabric Use proper rolling &
handling during tension control during
finishing. drying.
2 GSM Variation Fabric weight inconsistency. Uneven finishing Maintain uniform pressure
process. in finishing machines.
3 Softener Marks Oily spots or uneven Excess softener Use proper softener
softness. application. concentration, ensure
uniform drying.
4 Uneven Shrinkage Fabric shrinks unevenly Incorrect heat setting, Apply controlled heat
after washing. poor relaxation. setting, pre-wash fabric

Textile & Handloom: Shawl Weaving Artisan : (NSQF - 2024) R.T. Ex.No 1.4.35 55